 | Leaders of Haiti (Republic of Haiti) |
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Parties and coalitions: Alyans: Democratic Alliance - Fanmi Lavalas: Lavalas ('Waterfall') Family - FNCD: National Front for Change and Democracy (coalition) - Fwon Lespwa: Front of Hope (coalition) - Inite: Unity - MIDH: Movement for the Installation of Democracy in Haiti - MODELH-PRDH: Democratic Movement for the Liberation of Haiti-Party of the Democratic Rally of Haiti - MOP: Worker Peasant Movement - OPL: Lavalas ('Waterfall') Political Organization / Struggling People's Organization (since 1996) - PHTK: Haitian Tèt Kale Party - PUN: National Unity Party - RDNP: Rally of Progressive and Nationalist Democrats - Renmen Ayiti: Love Haiti - Repons Peyizan: Peasant Response
 Heads of State
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President of the Republic
Élie Lescot 15 May 1941 - 11 Jan 1946 (†1974)
Chairman of the Military Executive Committee
Franck Lavaud 11 Jan 1946 - 16 Aug 1946 (†1986) military
President of the Republic
Dumarsais Estimé 16 Aug 1946 - 10 May 1950 (†1953) n/p
Chairman of the Junta of Government
Franck Lavaud 10 May 1950 - 6 Dec 1950 (†1986) military
President of the Republic
Paul Eugène Magloire 6 Dec 1950 - 12 Dec 1956 (†2001) military, n/p
Head of the Provisional Executive Power
Joseph Nemours Pierre-Louis 12 Dec 1956 - 4 Feb 1957 (†1966) n/p (provisional)
President of the Republic
Franck Sylvain 7 Feb 1957 - 1 Apr 1957 (†1987) n/p (provisional)
Army Chief of General Staff
Léon Cantave 1 Apr 1957 - 6 Apr 1957 (†1967) military
Executive Council of Government
6 Apr 1957 - 20 May 1957 (provisional) (1)
Army Chief of General Staff
Léon Cantave 20 May 1957 - 25 May 1957 (†1967) military
President of the Republic
Pierre Eustache Fignolé 25 May 1957 - 14 Jun 1957 (†1986) MOP (provisional)
Chairman of the Military Council of Government
Antonio Thrasybule Kébreau 14 Jun 1957 - 22 Oct 1957 (†1963) military
Presidents of the Republic
François Duvalier 22 Oct 1957 - 21 Apr 1971 (†1971) PUN
Jean-Claude Duvalier 21 Apr 1971 - 6 Feb 1986 (†2014) PUN
Chairman of the National Council of Government
Henri Namphy 6 Feb 1986 - 7 Feb 1988 (†2018) military
President of the Republic
Leslie-François Manigat 7 Feb 1988 - 20 Jun 1988 (†2014) RDNP
Heads of the Military Government
Henri Namphy 20 Jun 1988 - 17 Sep 1988 (†2018) military
Prosper Avril 17 Sep 1988 - 10 Mar 1990 military
Hérard Abraham 10 Mar 1990 - 13 Mar 1990 military (interim)
Presidents of the Republic
Ertha Pascal-Trouillot 13 Mar 1990 - 7 Feb 1991 n/p (provisional)
Jean-Bertrand Aristide 7 Feb 1991 - 8 Oct 1991 FNCD (2)
Head of the military junta
Raoul Cédras 1 Oct 1991 - 8 Oct 1991 military (3)
Presidents of the Republic
Joseph C. Nérette 8 Oct 1991 - 19 Jun 1992 (†2007) n/p (provisional)
Marc-Louis Bazin 19 Jun 1992 - 15 Jun 1993 (†2010) MIDH (Prime Minister acting as head of State)
Jean-Bertrand Aristide 15 Jun 1993 - 12 May 1994 FNCD (4)
Émile Jonassaint 12 May 1994 - 12 Oct 1994 (†1995) n/p (provisional)
Jean-Bertrand Aristide 12 Oct 1994 - 7 Feb 1996 FNCD, OPL
René Garcia Préval 7 Feb 1996 - 7 Feb 2001 (†2017) OPL
Jean-Bertrand Aristide 7 Feb 2001 - 29 Feb 2004 Fanmi Lavalas
Boniface Alexandre 29 Feb 2004 - 14 May 2006 (†2023) n/p (provisional)
René Garcia Préval 14 May 2006 - 14 May 2011 (†2017) Fwon Lespwa, Inite
Michel Martelly 14 May 2011 - 7 Feb 2016 Repons Peyizan
Evans Paul 7 Feb 2016 - 14 Feb 2016 Alyans (Prime Minister acting as head of State)
Jocelerme Privert 14 Feb 2016 - 7 Feb 2017 Inite (provisional)
Jovenel Moïse 7 Feb 2017 - 7 Jul 2021 (†2021) PHTK (5)
Claude Joseph 7 Jul 2021 - 20 Jul 2021 n/p (Prime Minister acting as head of State) (6)
Ariel Henry 20 Jul 2021 - 12 Apr 2024 n/p (Prime Minister acting as head of State)
Transitional Presidential Council
-Smith Augustin
-Fritz Jean
-Louis Gérald Gilles
-Edgard Leblanc Fils
-Laurent Saint-Cyr
-Emmanuel Vertilaire
-Leslie Voltaire
-Frinel Joseph
-Régine Abraham 12 Apr 2024 - (transitional)
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Notes:
(1) Members of the 1957 Executive Council of Government: Léonce M. Bernard, Georges Bretous, Stuart Cambronne, Antoine Pierre-Pau (to 24 Apr 1957), Vilfort Beauvoir (to 24 Apr 1957), Weber Michaud, Seymour Lamothe, Raoul Daguilh, Théodore A. Nicoleau (to 24 Apr 1957), Ernest B. Danache, Emmanuel Bruny, Max Bolté, Grégoire Eugène.
(2) President Aristide was ousted and forced to exile in the 30 Sep 1991 coup, but the military regime led by Gen. Raould Cédras did not institute an official change in the Presidency until the appointment/election of Joseph Nérette. Additionally, Aristide was recognized as the legal president (in exile) by the international community during the military rule.
(3) Regardless the official presidents, actually puppet office-holders, the Military Junta led by Gen. Cédras ruled de facto from 1 Oct 1991 to 13 Oct 1994. Gen. Philippe Biamby and Lt.-Col. Joseph-Michel François completed the informal military triunvirate.
(4) Aristide, recognized by the international community as the legal president of Haiti, was temporarily recognized by the ruling Junta upon the terms of the Governors Island Agreement signed on 3-4 Jul 1993. Aristide returned Haiti and was reinstated on 15 Oct 1994 following the US-led international invasion and the disband of the military junta.
(5) Unrecognized from 7 Feb 2021 by several opposition parties, which installed judge Joseph Mécène Jean-Louis as "provisional president" the next day. President Moïse was assassinated on 7 Jul 2021.
(6) Unrecognized from 9 Jul 2021 by a group of senators, who proclaimed senator Joseph Lambert as "provisional president".
| Prime Ministers
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Martial Célestin 9 Feb 1988 - 20 Jun 1988 (†2011) n/p René Garcia Préval 13 Feb 1991 - 11 Oct 1991 (†2017) FNCD Jean-Jacques Honorat 11 Oct 1991 - 19 Jun 1992 (†2023) n/p (interim) Marc-Louis Bazin 19 Jun 1992 - 30 Aug 1993 (†2010) MIDH Robert Malval 30 Aug 1993 - 8 Nov 1994 n/p Smarck Michel 8 Nov 1994 - 7 Nov 1995 (†2012) n/p Claudette Werleigh 7 Nov 1995 - 27 Feb 1996 OPL Rosny Smarth 27 Feb 1996 - 21 Oct 1997 OPL Jacques-Édouard Alexis 26 Mar 1999 - 2 Mar 2001 OPL Jean-Marie Chérestal 2 Mar 2001 - 15 Mar 2002 Fanmi Lavalas Yvon Neptune 15 Mar 2002 - 12 Mar 2004 Fanmi Lavalas Gérard Latortue 12 Mar 2004 - 9 Jun 2006 (†2023) n/p Jacques-Édouard Alexis 9 Jun 2006 - 5 Sep 2008 Fwon Lespwa Michèle Pierre-Louis 5 Sep 2008 - 11 Nov 2009 n/p Jean-Max Bellerive 11 Nov 2009 - 18 Oct 2011 Fwon Lespwa, Inite Garry Conille 18 Oct 2011 - 16 May 2012 n/p Laurent Lamothe 16 May 2012 - 20 Dec 2014 n/p Florence Duperval Guillaume 20 Dec 2014 - 16 Jan 2015 n/p (acting) Evans Paul 16 Jan 2015 - 26 Feb 2016 Alyans Fritz Alphonse Jean 26 Feb 2016 - 28 Mar 2016 Inite Enex Jean-Charles 28 Mar 2016 - 21 Mar 2017 n/p Jack Guy Lafontant 21 Mar 2017 - 17 Sep 2018 MODELH-PRDH Jean-Henry Céant 17 Sep 2018 - 21 Mar 2019 Renmen Ayiti Jean-Michel Lapin 21 Mar 2019 - 4 Mar 2020 n/p (acting) Joseph Jouthe 4 Mar 2020 - 14 Apr 2021 n/p Claude Joseph 14 Apr 2021 - 20 Jul 2021 n/p (acting) (1) Ariel Henry 20 Jul 2021 - n/p Michel Patrick Boisvert 25 Feb 2024 - n/p (acting for Henry) |
Notes:
(1) Unrecognized from 9 Jul 2021 by a group of senators, who recognized Ariel Henry (nominated by then-assassinated president Jovenel Moïse on 5 Apr 2021) as Prime Minister. Joseph agreed to resign in favour of Henry on 19 Jul 2021.
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