 | Leaders of India
(Republic of India) |
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Look for biographies of the leaders (in Spanish) at CIDOB website. Comprehensive lists providing the rulers of the States are available at Rulers, in two parts: from A to L and from M to W.
Note: From the accession to independence (Dominion of India, 15 Aug 1947) to the adoption of the Republic (26 Jan 1950) the head of State was the British monarch, King George VI, represented by a Governor-General.
Parties: BJP: Indian People's Party/Bharatiya Janata Party - BJS: Indian People's Union/Bharatiya Jana Sangh () - BLD: Indian People's Party/Bharatiya Lok Dal () - CPI(M): Communist Party of India (Marxist)
INC: Indian National Congress (a.k.a. Indian Congress Party) - INC(i): Indian National Congress-Indira Gandhi faction () - JD: People's Party/Janata Dal - JD(s): Janata Dal-Chandra Shekhar-faction () - JP: People's Party/Janata Party () - SHS: Shiv Sena Party - TDP: Telugu Desam Party
 Heads of State
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Governors-General
Louis Francis Mountbatten 15 Aug 1947 - 21 Jun 1948 (1979)
Chakravarti Rajagopalachari 21 Jun 1948 - 26 Jan 1950 (1972)
Presidents of the Union
Rajendra Prasad 26 Jan 1950 - 13 May 1962 (1963)
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan 13 May 1962 - 13 May 1967 (1975)
Zakir Husain 13 May 1967 - 3 May 1969 (1969)
Varahgiri Venkata Giri 3 May 1969 - 20 Jul 1969 (1980) (acting)
Mohammad Hidayatullah 20 Jul 1969 - 24 Aug 1969 (1992) (acting)
Varahgiri Venkata Giri 24 Aug 1969 - 24 Aug 1974 (1980)
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed 24 Aug 1974 - 11 Feb 1977 (1977)
Basappa Danappa Jatti 11 Feb 1977 - 25 Jul 1977 (2002) (acting)
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy 25 Jul 1977 - 25 Jul 1982 (1996)
Gyani Zail Singh 25 Jul 1982 - 25 Jul 1987 (1994)
Ramaswamy Iyer Venkataraman 25 Jul 1987 - 25 Jul 1992 (2009)
Shankar Dayal Sharma 25 Jul 1992 - 25 Jul 1997 (1999)
Kocheril Raman Narayanan 25 Jul 1997 - 25 Jul 2002 (2005)
Avul Pakiri Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam 25 Jul 2002 - 25 Jul 2007 (2015)
Pratibha Devisingh Patil 25 Jul 2007 - 25 Jul 2012
Pranab Kumar Mukherjee 25 Jul 2012 - 25 Jul 2017 (2020)
Ram Nath Kovind 25 Jul 2017 - 25 Jul 2022
Draupadi Murmu 25 Jul 2022 -
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| Prime Ministers
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Jawaharlal Nehru 15 Aug 1947 - 27 May 1964 (1964) INC
Gulzarilal Nanda 27 May 1964 - 2 Jun 1964 (1998) INC
Lal Bahadur Shastri 2 Jun 1964 - 11 Jan 1966 (1966) INC
Gulzarilal Nanda 11 Jan 1966 - 19 Jan 1966 (1998) INC
Indira Gandhi 19 Jan 1966 - 24 Mar 1977 (1984) INC
Morarji Desai 24 Mar 1977 - 28 Jul 1979 (1995) JP
Charan Singh 28 Jul 1979 - 14 Jan 1980 (1987) JP/BLD
Indira Gandhi 14 Jan 1980 - 31 Oct 1984 (1984) INC(i)
Rajiv Gandhi 31 Oct 1984 - 2 Dec 1989 (1991) INC(i)
Vishwanath Pratap Singh 2 Dec 1989 - 10 Nov 1990 (2008) JD
Chandra Shekhar 10 Nov 1990 - 21 Jun 1991 (2007) JD(s)
Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao 21 Jun 1991 - 16 May 1996 (2004) INC(i)
Atal Bihari Vajpayee 16 May 1996 - 1 Jun 1996 (2018) BJP
Haradanahalli Dodde Deve Gowda 1 Jun 1996 - 21 Apr 1997 JD
Inder Kumar Gujral 21 Apr 1997 - 19 Mar 1998 (2012) JD
Atal Bihari Vajpayee 19 Mar 1998 - 22 May 2004 (2018) BJP
Manmohan Singh 22 May 2004 - 26 May 2014 INC
Narendra Damodardas Modi 26 May 2014 - BJP
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| Speakers of the Lok Sabha
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Ganesh Vasudeo Mavalankar 1952-1956 (1956) INC
Madabushi Ananthasayanam Ayyangar 1956-1962 (1978) INC
Sardar Hukam Singh 1962-1967 (1983) INC
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy 1967-1969 (1996) n/p
Gurundhayal Singh Dhillion 1969-1975 (1992) INC
Bali Ram Bhagat 1976-1977 (2011) INC
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy 1977 (1996) n/p
Kawdoor Sadaranda Hedge 1977-1980 (1990) JP
Balram Jakhar 1980-1989 (2016) INC(i)
Rabi Ray 1989-1991 (2017) JD
Shivraj Vishwanath Patil 1991-1996 INC(i)
Purno Agitok Sangma 1996-1998 (2016) INC(i)
Ganti Mohana Chandra Balayogi 1998-2002 (2002) TDP
Manohar Gajanan Joshi 2002-2004 (2024) SHS
Somnath Chatterjee 2004-2009 CPI(M)
Meira Kumar 2009-2014 INC
Sumitra Mahajan 2014-2019 BJP
Om Birla 2019- BJP
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| Vice Presidents of the Republic
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Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan 1952-1962 (1975)
Zakir Husain 1962-1967 (1969)
Varahgiri Venkata Giri 1967-1969 (1980)
Gopal Swarup Pathak 1969-1974 (1982)
Basappa Danappa Jatti 1974-1979 (2002)
Mohammad Hidayatullah 1979-1984 (1992)
Ramaswamy Iyer Venkataraman 1984-1987 (2009)
Shankar Dayal Sharma 1987-1992 (1999)
Kocheril Raman Narayanan 1992-1997 (2005)
Krishan Kant 1997-2002 (2002)
Bhairon Singh Shekhawat 2002-2007 (2010)
Mohammad Hamid Ansari 2007-2017
Muppavarapu Venkaiah Naidu 2017-2022
Jagdeep Dhankhar 2022-
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 Chairmen of INC and INC(i)
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Acharya Jivatram Bhagwandas Kripalani1946-1947 (1982)
Pattabhi Sitaraimayya 1947-1949 (1959)
Purshottam Das Tandon 1949-1950 (1961)
Jawaharlal Nehru 1950-1954 (1964)
Uchharangray Navalshankar Dhebar 1954-1959 (1977)
Indira Gandhi 1959 (1984)
Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy 1959-1964 (1996)
Kumaraswami Kamaraj 1964-1968 (1975)
Siddavanahalli Nijalingappa 1968-1969 (2000)
Jagjivan Ram 1969-1972 (1986)
Shankar Dayal Sharma 1971-1975 (1999)
Dev Kant Baruah 1975-1978 (1996)
Indira Gandhi 1978-1984 (1984)
Rajiv Gandhi 1984-1991 (1991)
Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao 1991-1996 (2004)
Sitaram Kesri 1996-1998 (2000)
Sonia Gandhi 1998-2017
Rahul Gandhi 2017-2019
Sonia Gandhi 2019-2022
Mapanna Mallikarjun Kharge 2022-
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 Chairmen of BJP
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Atal Bihari Vajpayee 1980-1986 (2018)
Lal Krishna Advani 1986-1991
Murli Manohar Joshi 1991-1993
Lal Krishna Advani 1993-1998
Kushabhau Thakre 1998-2000 (2003)
Bangaru Laxman 2000-2001 (2014)
Jana Krishnamurthi 2001-2002 (2007)
Venkaiah Naidu 2002-2004
Lal Krishna Advani 2004-2006
Rajnath Singh 2006-2009
Nitin Gadkari 2009-2013
Rajnath Singh 2013-2014
Amit Shah 2014-2020
Jagat Prakash Nadda 2020-
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The BJS was founded on 21 Oct 1951. In Jan 1977 it merged with the BLD, George Fernandes' Socialist Party and several INC splinter groups, forming the JP. The JP suffered a desintegration process and in Apr 1980 the major faction established the BJP.
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