Leaders of the Netherlands
(Kingdom of the Netherlands)
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Look for biographies of the leaders (in Spanish) at CIDOB's website. See also the CIDOB page detailing the Dutch Governments since 1945.

Late parties: ARP: Anti-Revolutionary Party (1878-1980) - SDAP: Social Democratic Labour Party (1894-1946) - VDB: Liberal Democratic League (†1948) - CDU: Christian Democratic Union (†1946) - CHU: Christian Historical Union (1908-1980) - SDP: Social Democratic Party (1909-1919) - CPH/CPN: Communist Party of Holland (1919-1991) - PPR: Political Party Radicals (1968-1990) - KVP: Catholic People's Party (1922-1980) - VDB: Liberal Democratic League (†1946) - GPV: Reformed Political Alliance (1948-2004) - PSP: Pacifist Socialist Party (1957-1990) - NEV: National Evangelic Alliance (1966-1975) - ARJC: Anti-Revolutionary Youth Contact (1971-1975) - RPF: Reformed Political Federation (1975-2004) - EPV: Evangelic Progressive People's Party (1978-1981) - EVP: Evangelic People's Party (1981-1991) - NNP: New National Party (1998-2005) - LN: Livable Netherlands (1999-2007) - LPF: List Pim Fortuyn (2002-2008)

Current parties: SGP: Political Reformed Party (1918) - PvdA: Labour Party (1946) - VVD: People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (1948) - D66: Democrats 66 (1966) - SP: Socialist Party (1972) - CDA: Christian Democratic Appeal (1980) - GL: GroenLinks (Green Left, 1990) - PvdD: Party for the Animals (2002) - CU: Christian Union (2004) - PVV: Party for Freedom (2006) - DENK (2015) - FvD: Forum for Democracy (2016) - BBB: Farmer–Citizen Movement (2019) - NSC: New Social Contract (2023)


Kings
Wilhelmina        23 Nov 1890 -  4 Sep 1948 (†1962)
Juliana            4 Sep 1948 - 30 Apr 1980 (†2004)
Beatrix           30 Apr 1980 - 30 Apr 2013
Willem-Alexander  30 Apr 2013 -

Minister-Presidents
Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy                  4 Sep 1940 - 25 Jun 1945 (†1961) ARP
Willem Schermerhorn                      25 Jun 1945 -  3 Jul 1946 (†1977) VDB/PvdA
Louis Joseph Maria Beel                   3 Jul 1946 -  7 Aug 1948 (†1977) KVP
Willem Drees                              7 Aug 1948 - 22 Dec 1958 (†1988) PvdA
Louis Joseph Maria Beel                  22 Dec 1958 - 19 May 1959 (†1977) KVP
Jan Eduard de Quay                       19 May 1959 - 24 Jul 1963 (†1985) KVP
Victor Gιrard Marie Marijnen             24 Jul 1963 - 14 Apr 1965 (†1975) KVP
Joseph Maria Laurens Theo (Jo) Cals      14 Apr 1965 - 22 Nov 1966 (†1971) KVP
Jelle Zijlstra                           22 Nov 1966 -  5 Apr 1967 (†2001) ARP
Petrus Josephus Sietse (Piet) de Jong     5 Apr 1967 -  6 Jul 1971 (†2016) KVP
Barend Willem Biesheuvel                  6 Jul 1971 - 11 May 1973 (†2001) ARP
Johannes Marten (Joop) den Uyl           11 May 1973 - 19 Dec 1977 (†1987) PvdA
Andreas Maria (Dries) van Agt            19 Dec 1977 -  4 Nov 1982 (†2024) KVP/CDA
Rudolphus Frans Marie (Ruud) Lubbers      4 Nov 1982 - 22 Aug 1994 (†2018) CDA
Willem (Wim) Kok                         22 Aug 1994 - 22 Jul 2002 (†2018) PvdA
Jan Peter Balkenende                     22 Jul 2002 - 14 Oct 2010         CDA
Mark Rutte                               14 Oct 2010 -                     VVD

Deputy Minister-Presidents
Willem Drees                             24 Jun 1945 –  7 Aug 1948 (†1988) SDAP/PvdA
Josephus R. H. (Josef) van Schaik         7 Aug 1948 – 15 Mar 1951 (†1962) KVP
Franciscus G. C. J. M. (Frans) Teulings  15 Mar 1951 –  2 Sep 1952 (†1966) KVP
Louis Joseph Maria Beel                   2 Sep 1952 –  7 Oct 1956 (†1977) KVP
Antoon Arnold Marie (Teun) Struycken     13 Oct 1956 – 19 May 1959 (†1977) KVP
Hendrik Albertus (Henk) Korthals         19 May 1959 – 24 Jul 1963 (†1976) VVD
Barend Willem Biesheuvel                 24 Jul 1963 – 14 Apr 1965 (†2001) ARP
Anne Vondeling                           14 Apr 1965 – 22 Nov 1966 (†1979) PvdA
Barend Willem Biesheuvel                 14 Apr 1965 – 22 Nov 1966 (†2001) ARP
Jan Eduard de Quay                       22 Nov 1966 –  5 Apr 1967 (†1985) KVP
Barend Willem Biesheuvel                 22 Nov 1966 –  5 Apr 1967 (†2001) ARP
Hendrikus Johannes (Johan) Witteveen      5 Apr 1967 –  6 Jul 1971 (†2019) VVD
Johannes Age (Joop) Bakker                5 Apr 1967 –  6 Jul 1971 (†2003) ARP
Roelof Johannes Nelissen                  6 Jul 1971 – 11 May 1973 (†2019) KVP
Willem Jacob (Molly) Geertsema            6 Jul 1971 – 11 May 1973 (†1991) VVD
Andreas Maria (Dries) van Agt            11 May 1973 –  8 Sep 1977 (†2024) KVP
W. F. (Gaius) de Gaay Fortman             8 Sep 1977 – 19 Dec 1977 (†1997) ARP
Hans Wiegel                              19 Dec 1977 – 11 Sep 1981         VVD
Johannes Marten (Joop) den Uyl           l1 Sep 1981 – 29 May 1982 (†1987) PvdA
Jan Cornelis Terlouw                     l1 Sep 1981 –  4 Nov 1982         D66
Gijsbert M. V. (Gijs) van Aardenne        4 Nov 1982 – 14 Jul 1986 (†1995) VVD
Rudolf Willem de Korte                   14 Jul 1986 –  7 Nov 1989 (†2020) VVD
Willem (Wim) Kok                          7 Nov 1989 – 22 Aug 1994 (†2018) PvdA
Henri Frans (Hans) Dijkstal              22 Aug 1994 –  3 Aug 1998 (†2010) VVD
Hendrik Anton (Hans) van Mierlo          22 Aug 1994 –  3 Aug 1998 (†2010) D66
Annemarie Jorritsma-Lebbink               3 Aug 1998 – 22 Jul 2002         VVD
Else (Els) Borst-Eilers                   3 Aug 1998 – 22 Jul 2002 (†2014) D66
Eduard Jan Bomhoff                       22 Jul 2002 – 16 Oct 2002         LPF
Johannes Wijnandus (Johan) Remkes        22 Jul 2002 – 27 May 2003         VVD
Roelf Hendrick de Boer                   18 Oct 2002 – 27 May 2003         LPF
Thomas Carolus (Thom) de Graaf           27 May 2003 – 23 Mar 2005         D66
Gerrit Zalm                              27 May 2003 – 22 Feb 2007         VVD
Laurens Jan Brinkhorst                   31 Mar 2005 –  3 Jul 2006         D66
Wouter Jacob Bos                         22 Feb 2007 – 23 Feb 2010         PvdA
Andrι Rouvoet                            22 Feb 2007 – 14 Oct 2010         CU
Maxime Jacques Marcel Verhagen           14 Oct 2010 –  5 Nov 2012         CDA
Lodewijk Frans Asscher                    5 Nov 2012 – 26 Oct 2017         PvdA
Hugo Mattheόs de Jonge                   26 Oct 2017 - 10 Jan 2022         CDA
Karin Hildur (Kajsa) Ollongren           26 Oct 2017 -  1 Nov 2019         D66
Cornelia Johanna (Carola) Schouten       26 Oct 2017 -                     CU
Wouter Koolmees                           1 Nov 2019 - 14 May 2020         D66 (acting)
Karin Hildur (Kajsa) Ollongren           14 May 2020 - 10 Jan 2022         D66
Sigrid Agnes Maria Kaag                  10 Jan 2022 -  8 Jan 2024         D66
Wopke Bastiaan Hoekstra                  10 Jan 2022 -  1 Sep 2023         CDA
Karien van Gennip                         5 Sep 2023 -                     CDA
Rob Arnoldus Adrianus Jetten              8 Jan 2024 -                     D66

Ministers of Foreign Affairs
Eelco Nicolaas van Kleffens              19 Aug 1939 -  1 Mar 1946 (†1983) n/p
Jan Herman van Roijen                     1 Mar 1946 -  3 Jul 1946 (†1991) n/p
Carel Godfried Willem Hendrik,
 Baron van den Boetzelaer van Oosterhout  3 Jul 1946 -  7 Aug 1948 (†1986) n/p
Dirk Uipko Stikker                        7 Aug 1948 -  2 Sep 1952 (†1979) VVD
Johann (Jan) Willem Beyen                 2 Sep 1952 - 13 Oct 1956 (†1976) n/p
Joseph Marie Antoine Hubert Luns         13 Oct 1956 -  6 Jul 1971 (†2002) KVP
Wilhelmus Klaes Norbert Schmelzer         6 Jul 1971 - 11 May 1973 (†2008) KVP
Max van der Stoel                        11 May 1973 - 19 Dec 1977 (†2011) PvdA
Christoph Albert (Chris) van der Klaauw  19 Dec 1977 - 11 Sep 1981 (†2005) VVD
Max van der Stoel                        11 Sep 1981 - 30 May 1982 (†2011) PvdA
Andreas Maria (Dries) van Agt            30 May 1982 -  4 Nov 1982 (†2024) CDA
Hans van den Broek                        4 Nov 1982 -  2 Jan 1993         CDA
Pieter Hendrik Kooijmans                  2 Jan 1993 - 22 Aug 1994 (†2013) CDA
Hendrik Anton (Hans) van Mierlo          22 Aug 1994 -  3 Aug 1998 (†2010) D66
Jozias Johannes van Aartsen               3 Aug 1998 - 22 Jul 2002         VVD
Jakob Gijsbert (Jaap) de Hoop Scheffer   22 Jul 2002 -  1 Dec 2003         CDA
Bernard Rudolf (Ben) Bot                  1 Dec 2003 - 22 Feb 2007         CDA
Maxime Jacques Marcel Verhagen           22 Feb 2007 - 14 Oct 2010         CDA
Uriλl (Uri) Rosenthal                    14 Oct 2010 -  5 Nov 2012         VVD
Franciscus C. G. M. (Frans) Timmermans    5 Nov 2012 - 17 Oct 2014         PvdA
Albert Gerard (Bert) Koenders            17 Oct 2014 - 26 Oct 2017         PvdA
Halbe Zijlstra                           26 Oct 2017 - 13 Feb 2018         VVD
Sigrid Agnes Maria Kaag                  13 Feb 2018 -  7 Mar 2018         D66 (acting)
Stephanus Abraham (Stef) Blok             7 Mar 2018 - 25 May 2021         VVD
Sigrid Agnes Maria Kaag                  25 May 2021 - 17 Sep 2021         D66 
Thomas Justinus A. M. (Tom) de Bruijn    17 Sep 2021 - 24 Sep 2011         D66 (acting)
Hubertus Petrus Maria (Ben) Knapen       24 Sep 2021 - 10 Jan 2022         CDA
Wopke Bastiaan Hoekstra                  10 Jan 2022 -  1 Sep 2023         CDA
Liesje Schreinemacher                     1 Sep 2023 -                     VVD (acting)

Ministers of Defence
Otto Cornelis van Lidth de Jeude       1942-1945 (†1952) LSP  
James Marnix de Booy                   1945      (†1969) n/p (acting)                             
Jan Eduard de Quay                     1945      (†1985) RKSP 
Johannes (Jo) Meynen                   1945-1946 (†1980) ARP
Alexander Helenus Johannes Fiιvez      1946-1948 (†1949) KVP
Willem Frederik (Wim) Schokking        1948-1950 (†1960) CHU
Hendrik Laurentius s'Jacobs            1950-1951 (†1967) n/p
Cornelis (Kees) Staf                   1951-1959 (†1971) CHU
Sidney James van den Bergh             1959      (†1977) VVD
Jan Eduard de Quay                     1959      (†1985) KVP (acting)
Simon Hendrik (Sim) Visser             1959-1963 (†1983) VVD
Petrus Josephus Sietse (Piet) de Jong  1963-1967 (†2016) KVP
Willem Den Toom                        1967-1971 (†1998) VVD
Henri Johan (Hans) de Koster           1971-1973 (†1992) VVD
Hendrikus (Henk) Vredeling             1973-1977 (†2007) PvdA
Abraham (Bram) Stemerdink              1977              PvdA
Roelof Johannes Hendrik Kruisinga      1977-1978 (†2012) CHU
Jan de Koning                          1978      (†1994) ARP (acting)
Willem Scholten                        1978-1980 (†2005) CHU
Pieter Boudewijn Richard de Geus       1980-1981 (†2004) CDA
Hendrik Anton (Hans) van Mierlo        1981-1982 (†2010) D66
Jacob (Job) de Ruiter                  1982-1986 (†2015) CDA
Willem Frederik (Wim) van Eekelen      1986-1988         VVD
Pieter (Piet) Bukman                   1998      (†2022) CDA (acting)
Frederik (Frits) Bolkestein            1988-1989         VVD
Aurelus Louis (Relus) ter Beek         1989-1994 (†2008) PvdA
Joris Jacob Clemens Voorhoeve          1994-1998         VVD
Franciscus Hendricus (Frank) de Grave  1998-2002         VVD
Albert Hendrik (Benk) Korthals         2002              VVD
Henricus Gregorius Jozeph (Henk) Kamp  2002-2007         VVD
Eimert van Middelkoop                  2007-2010         CU
Johannes Stefanus Joseph (Hans) Hillen 2010-2012         CDA
Jeanine Antoinette Hennis-Plasschaert  2012-2017         VVD     
Klaas H. D. M. Dijkhoff                2017              VVD
Anna T. B. (Ank) Bijleveld-Schouten    2017-2021         CDA
Ferdinand B. J. (Ferd) Grapperhaus     2021              CDA (acting)
Henricus Gregorius Jozeph (Henk) Kamp  2021-2022         VVD
Karin Hildur (Kajsa) Ollongren         2022-             D66

Chairmen of the Eerste Kamer (First Chamber) of the States-General (Parliament)
Willem Lodewijk, 
 baron de Vos van Steenwijk            1929-1946 (†1947) CHU 
Roelof Kranenburg                      1946-1951 (†1956) PvdA
Jan Anne Jonkman                       1951-1966 (†1976) PvdA
Jannes Pieter Mazure                   1966-1969 (†1990) PvdA
Maarten de Niet Gerritzoon             1969-1973 (†1979) PvdA
Theodorus (Theo) Thurlings             1973-1983 (†1997) KVP/CDA
Petrus A. J. M. (Piet) Steenkamp       1983-1991 (†2016) CDA
Herman Diederik Tjeenk Willink         1991-1997         PvdA
Frederik (Frits) Korthals Altes        1997-2001         VVD
Gerardus Johannes Maria (Gerrit) Braks 2001-2003 (†2017) CDA
Yvonne E. M. A. Timmerman-Buck         2003-2009         CDA
P. R. H. M. (Renι) van der Linden      2009-2011         CDA
Godefridus Jan (Fred) de Graaf         2011-2013         VVD
Anneke (Ankie) Broekers-Knol           2013-2019         VVD
Jan Anthonie Bruijn                    2019-             VVD

Chairmen of the Tweede Kamer (Second Chamber) of the States-General (Parliament)
J. R. H. (Josef) van Schaik            1937-1948 (†1962) KVP
Leonardus Gerardus Kortenhorst         1948-1963 (†1963) KVP
Frans Joseph Fritz Marie van Thiel     1963-1972 (†1993) KVP
Anne Vondeling                         1972-1979 (†1979) PvdA
Dirk (Dick) Dolman                     1979-1989 (†2019) PvdA
Willem (Wim) Joost Deetman             1989-1996         CDA
Pieter (Piet) Bukman                   1996-1998 (†2022) CDA
Jetlje van Nieuwenhoven                1998-2002         PvdA
Frans Willy Weisglas                   2002-2006         VVD
Gerardina Alida (Gerdi) Verbeet        2006-2012         PvdA
Anouchka van Miltenburg                2012-2015         VVD
Khadija Arib                           2016-2021         PvdA 
Vera Alida Bergkamp                    2021-2023         D66
Roelien Jakoba Kamminga                2023              VVD (acting)
Martin Bosma                           2023-             PVV

Leaders of PVV
Geert Wilders 2006-

PVV was founded on 22 Feb 2006 as a split from VVD.


Leaders of CDA
Party leaders
Andreas Maria (Dries) van Agt          1976-1982 (†2024)
Rudolphus Frans Marie (Ruud) Lubbers   1982-1994 (†2018)
Leonard Cornelis (Elco) Brinkman       1994
Enneόs Heerma                          1994-1997 (†1999)
Jakob Gijsbert (Jaap) de Hoop Scheffer 1997-2001
Jan Peter Balkenende                   2001-2010
Maxime Jacques Marcel Verhagen         2010-2012
Sybrand van Haersma Buma               2012-2019
Hugo Mattheόs (Hugo) de Jonge          2020
Wopke Bastiaan Hoekstra                2020-2023
Hendrik (Henri) Bontenbal              2023-

Parliamentary leaders (leaders in the Second Chamber of the States-General)
Willem (Wim) Aantjes                   1977      (†2015)
Andreas Maria (Dries) van Agt          1977      (†2024)
Willem (Wim) Aantjes                   1977-1978 (†2015)
Rudolphus Frans Marie (Ruud) Lubbers   1978-1981 (†2018)
Andreas Maria (Dries) van Agt          1981      (†2024)
Rudolphus Frans Marie (Ruud) Lubbers   1981-1982 (†2018)
Berend (Bert) de Vries                 1982-1986
Rudolphus Frans Marie (Ruud) Lubbers   1986      (†2018)
Berend (Bert) de Vries                 1986-1989
Rudolphus Frans Marie (Ruud) Lubbers   1989      (†2018)
Leonard Cornelis (Elco) Brinkman       1989-1994
Enneόs Heerma                          1994-1997 (†1999)
Jakob Gijsbert (Jaap) de Hoop Scheffer 1997-2001
Jan Peter Balkenende                   2001-2002
Maxime Jacques Marcel Verhagen         2002-2003
Jan Peter Balkenende                   2003
Maxime Jacques Marcel Verhagen         2003-2006
Jan Peter Balkenende                   2006-2007
Petrus (Pieter) L. B. A. van Geel      2007-2010
Maxime Jacques Marcel Verhagen         2010
Sybrand van Haersma Buma               2010-2019
Pieter Enneόs Heerma                   2019-2021
Wopke Bastiaan Hoekstra                2021-2002
Pieter Enneόs Heerma                   2022-2023
Hendrik (Henri) Bontenbal              2023-

Chairman of the CDA federation
Petrus A. J. M. (Piet) Steenkamp       1975-1980 (†2016)

Chairpersons
Pieter (Piet) Bukman                   1980-1986 (†2022)
Gijsbert Johan (Bert) Fleers           1986
Wilhelmus Gijsbertus (Wim) van Velzen  1987-1994
P. C. (Tineke) Lodders-Elfferich       1994-1995
J. J. M. (Hans) Helgers                1995-1999
Marnix Leonard A. (Marnix) van Rij     1999-2001
Berend (Bert) de Vries                 2001-2002 (acting)
Marja van Bijsterveldt-Vliegenthart    2002-2007
Peter van Heeswijk                     2007-2010
Hinderk (Henk) Bleker                  2010      (acting)
Renate Westerlaken-Loos                2010      (interim)
Jantje W. Elisabeth (Liesbeth) Spies   2010-2011
Gerhardine Ruth Peetoom                2011-2019
Rutger Ploum                           2019-2021
Joannes Franciscus (Hans) Huibers      2021-

CDA was founded in 1975 as a federation of ARP, CHU and KVP. The three parties established a single parliamentary caucus in 1977 and merged to form a single party on 11 Oct 1980.
Leaders of PvdA
Party leaders
Willem Drees                           1946-1958 (†1988)
Jacobus Albertus W. (Jaap) Burger      1958-1962 (†1986)
Anne Vondeling                         1962-1966 (†1979)
Johannes Marten (Joop) den Uyl         1966-1986 (†1987)
Willem (Wim) Kok                       1986-2001 (†2018) 
Adrianus Petrus Wilhelmus (Ad) Melkert 2001-2002
Wouter Jacob Bos                       2002-2010
Marius Job Cohen                       2010-2012
Diederik Maarten Samsom                2012-2016  
Lodewijk Frans Asscher                 2016-2021
Elisabeth M. J. (Lilianne) Ploumen     2021-2022
Attje Harma Kuiken                     2022-2023
Franciscus C. G. M. (Frans) Timmermans 2023-

Parliamentary leaders (leaders in the Second Chamber of the States-General)
Marinus van der Goes van Naters        1945-1951 (†2005)
Leendert Antonie Donker                1951-1952 (†1956)
Jacobus Albertus W. (Jaap) Burger      1952-1962 (†1986)
Anne Vondeling                         1962-1965 (†1979)
Gerard Marinus (Gerard) Nederhors      1965-1967 (†1979)
Johannes Marten (Joop) den Uyl         1967-1973 (†1987)
Eduard (Ed) van Thijn                  1973-1978 (†2021)
Johannes Marten (Joop) den Uyl         1978-1981 (†1987)
Willem (Wim) Meijer                    1981-1982
Johannes Marten (Joop) den Uyl         1982-1986 (†1987)
Willem (Wim) Kok                       1986-1989 (†2018)
Mathias Andreas Marie (Thijs) Wφltgens 1989-1994 (†2008)
Willem (Wim) Kok                       1994      (†2018)
Jacques Wallage                        1994-1998
Adrianus Petrus Wilhelmus (Ad) Melkert 1998-2002
Jeltje van Nieuwenhoven                2002
Wouter Jacob Bos                       2002-2007
Jacques Tichelaar                      2007-2008
Mariλtte Iris Hamer                    2008-2010
Marius Job Cohen                       2010-2012
Jeroen Renι Victor Anton Dijsselbloem  2012      (acting)
Diederik Maarten Samsom                2012-2016
Attje Harma Kuiken                     2016-2017
Lodewijk Frans Asscher                 2017-2021
Elisabeth M. J. (Lilianne) Ploumen     2021-2022
Attje Harma Kuiken                     2022-2023
Franciscus C. G. M. (Frans) Timmermans 2023-

Chairmen
Jacobus Jan (Koos) Vorrink             1946-1953 (†1955)
Hendrik (Hein) Vos                     1953-1955 (†1972) (interim)
Evert Aart Vermeer                     1955-1960 (†1960)
Hendrik (Hein) Vos                     1960-1961 (†1972) (interim)
Jacobus Gerardus (Ko) Suurhoff         1961-1965 (†1967)
Jean Guillaume Hubert (Sjeng) Tans     1965-1969 (†1993)
Anne Vondeling                         1969-1971 (†1979)
Arie Andries (Andrι) van der Louw      1971-1974 (†2005)
Corine (Ien) van den Heuvel-de Blank   1974-1979 (†2010)
Margrietus Johannes (Max) van den Berg 1979-1986
Constant (Stan) Poppe                  1986-1987 (†2000) (interim)
Marjanne Sint                          1987-1991
Fredericus W. C. (Frits) Castricum     1991-1992 (†2011) (interim)
Felix Rottenberg                       1992-1997
Karin Yvonne Irene Jansen Adelmund     1997-1998 (†2005)
Rudolf Lourens (Ruud) Vreeman          1998-1999
M. A. (Marijke) van Hees               1999-2000
Mariλtte Iris Hamer                    2000-2001         (interim)
Rudolf Anton (Ruud) Koole              2001-2005
Michiel Frans van Hulten               2005-2007
Rudolf Anton (Ruud) Koole              2007              (interim)
Elisabeth M. J. (Lilianne) Ploumen     2007-2012
Johannes Leonardus (Hans) Spekman      2012-2017
Nelleke Vedelaar                       2017-2021
Esther-Mirjam Sent                     2021-

PvdA was founded in 1946 by the merger of SDAP, VDB and CDU. As VDB and most members of CDU left the party later, PvdA became in fact the continuity of SDAP.
Leaders of VVD
Party leaders
Pieter (Piet) Jacobus Oud               1948-1963 (†1968)
Edzo Hendrik Toxopeus                   1963-1969 (†2009)
Willem Jacob (Molly) Geertsema          1969-1971 (†1991)
Hans Wiegel                             1971-1982
Eduardus H. T. M. (Ed) Nijpels          1982-1986
Rudolf Willem de Korte                  1986      (†2020) 
Joris Jacob Clemens Voorhoeve           1986-1990
Frederik (Frits) Bolkestein             1990-1998
Henri Frans (Hans) Dijkstal             1998-2002 (†2010)
Gerrit Zalm                             2002-2004
Jozias Johannes van Aartsen             2004-2006
Mark Rutte                              2006-2023
Dilan Yesilgφz                          2023-

Chairmen
Dirk Uipko Stikker                      1948      (†1979)
Peter (Piet) Jacobus Oud                1948-1963 (†1968)
Kornelis van der Pols                   1963-1969 (†1995)
Gerarda (Haya) van Someren-Downer       1969-1975 (†1980)
Frederik (Frits) Korthals Altes         1975-1981
Jan Kamminga                            1981-1986
Leendert Ginjaar                        1986-1991 (†2003)
E. J. J. E. (Dian) van Leeuwen-Schut    1991-1994
Willem Klaas Hoekzema                   1994-1999
Herman Bastiaan (Bas) Eenhoorn          1999-2003
J. H. C. (Jan) van Zanen                2003-2008
Ivo Willem Opstelten                    2008-2010
Marcus Leonardus (Mark) Verheijen       2010-2011
Albert Hendrik (Benk) Korthals          2011-2014
J. M. H. J. (Henry) Keizer              2014-2017
E. J. M. (Eric) Wetzels                 2017      (acting) 
Christianne van der Wal-Zeggelink       2017-2022
Onno Hoes                               2022      (acting)
E. J. M. (Eric) Wetzels                 2022-
 
Parliamentary leaders (leaders in the Second Chamber of the States-General)
Pieter (Piet) Jacobus Oud               1948-1963 (†1968)
Edzo Hendrik Toxopeus                   1963      (†2009)
Willem Jacob (Molly) Geertsema          1963-1966 (†1991)
Edzo Hendrik Toxopeus                   1966-1969 (†2009)
Willem Jacob (Molly) Geertsema          1969-1971 (†1991)
Hans Wiegel                             1971-1977
Jacobus Gijsbert (Koos) Rietkerk        1977-1981 (†1986)
Hans Wiegel                             1981-1982
Eduardus H. T. M. (Ed) Nijpels          1982-1986
Joris Jacob Clemens Voorhoeve           1986-1990
Frederik (Frits) Bolkestein             1990-1998
Henri Frans (Hans) Dijkstal             1998-2002 (†2010)
Gerrit Zalm                             2002-2003
Jozias Johannes van Aartsen             2003-2006
Willibrord Ildefonsus Ignatius van Beek 2006
Mark Rutte                              2006-2010
Stephanus Abraham (Stef) Blok           2010-2012
Mark Rutte                              2012
Halbe Zijlstra                          2012-2017
Klaas H. D. M. Dijkhoff                 2017-2021
Mark Rutte                              2021-2022
Sophia Theodora M. (Sophie) Hermans     2022-2023
Dilan Yesilgφz                          2023-

VVD was founded in 1948 by the merger of three liberal parties: the League of Free Liberals, the Liberal Union and the VDB, after ceasing its merger with PvdA.
Leaders of D66
Party leaders
Hendrik Anton (Hans) van Mierlo          1966-1973 (†2010)
Jan Cornelis Terlouw                     1973-1982
Laurens Jan Brinkhorst                   1982
Maarten Boudewijn Engwirda               1982-1986
Hendrik Anton (Hans) van Mierlo          1986-1998 (†2010)
Else (Els) Borst-Eilers                  1998      (†2014)
Thomas Carolus (Thom) de Graaf           1998-2003
Boris Ottokar Dittrich                   2003-2006
L. W. S. A. L. B. Lousewies van der Laan 2006              (acting)
Alexander Pechtold                       2006-2020
Sigrid Agnes Maria Kaag                  2020-2023
Rob Arnoldus Adrianus Jetten             2023-

Chairmen
Hendrik Anton (Hans) van Mierlo          1966-1967 (†2010)
Geb Ringnalda                            1967
Hans van Lookeren Campagne               1967-1968
Johannes A. P. M. (Jan) Beekmans         1968-1971 (†2008)
Ruby van der Scheer-Van Essen            1971-1973
Jan ten Brink                            1973-1976 (†2006)
Jan Frederik Glastra van Loon            1976-1979 (†2001)
Hendrik Jan (Henk) Zeevalking            1979-1981 (†2005)
Cees Spigt                               1981              (acting) 
Jan M. M. van Berkom                     1981-1982
Jacob Kohnstamm                          1982-1986
Olga Scheltema-de Nie                    1986              (acting)
Saskia van der Loo                       1986-1988
Michel Jean Emile Marie Jager            1988-1990 (†2023)
Marinus Jenneke Dicky (Ries) Jansen      1990-1992
W. I. J. M. (Wim) Vrijhoef               1992-1996
Thomas Aloysius (Tom) Kok                1996-1999
Adrianus Gerardus (Gerard) Schouw        1999-2002
Alexander Pechtold                       2002-2005
Frank Christian (Frank) Dales            2005-2007
Ingrid Katharina van Engelshoven         2007-2013
Fleur Q. Grδper-van Koolwijk             2013-2015
A. M. (Letty) Demmers-van der Geest      2015-2018
Maria Johanna G. (Anne-Marie) Spierings  2018-2021
Victor Everhardt                         2021-

D66 was founded on 14 Oct 1966.
Leaders of GL
Political Leaders
Maria Brigitta (Ria) Beckers-de Bruijn 1989-1993 (†2006)
Petrus Antonius (Peter) Lankhorst      1993-1994
Ina Brouwer                            1994
Paul Rosenmφller                       1994-2002
Femke Halsema                          2002-2010
Johanna Catharina Maria (Jolande) Sap  2010-2012
Abraham (Bram) van Ojik                2012-2015
Jesse Feras Klaver                     2015-

Chairmen
Maria Bernardina (Marijke) Vos  1990-1994
Marjan Lucas                    1993-1995
Albert Bastiaan (Ab) Harrewijn  1995-1998 (†2002)
Ina Brouwer                     1998-1999
Mirjam de Rijk                  1999-2003
Herman Meijer                   2003-2006
Henk Nijhof                     2006-2012 (interim to 2007)
Heleen Weening                  2012
Eduard Alexander van Zuijlen    2012-2013 (interim)  
Hendrik Johannes (Rik) Grashoff 2013-2015
Marjolein Meijer                2015-2018  
Jeroen Postma                   2018-2019
Katinka Eikelenboom             2019-

GL was founded in 1990 by the merger of CPN, EVP, PSP and PPR. PPR was founded in 1968 by splinters of KVP with the addition of some disidents of ARP.
Leaders of NSC
Political leader
Pieter Herman Omtzigt 2023-

Chairman
Bert van Boggelen     2023-      (acting)

NSC was founded on 19 Aug 2023.
Leaders of BBB
Political leader
Caroline Ann Maria van der Plas 2020-

Chairman
Erik T. W. Stegink              2021-

BBB was founded on 1 Oct 2019.
Leaders of DENK
Political leaders
Tunahan Kuzu                    2015-2020
Farid Azarkan                   2020-2023
Stephan Ruben Tobias van Baarle 2023-

Chairman
Ejder Kφse                      2020-

DENK was founded on 9 Feb 2015.
Leaders of SGP
Political leaders  
Pieter Zandt                1945-1961 (†1961)
Cornelis Van Dis            1961-1971 (†1973)
Hette Gerrit (Hette) Abma   1961-1985 (†1992)
Hendrik (Henk) Van Rossum   1981-1986 (†2017)
B. J. (Bas) van der Vlies   1986-2010 (†2021)
C. G. (Kees) van der Staaij 2010-2023
Christiaan (Chris) Stoffer  2023-

Chairmen
Gerrit Hendrik Kersten      1918-1946 (†1948)
Pieter Zandt                1946-1961 (†1961)
Hette Gerrit (Hette) Abma   1961-1985 (†1992)
D. Slagboom                 1985-1992
W. C. Hovius                1992-1994
Dirk-Jan Budding            1994-2004
Adri van Heteren            2004-2018
G. W. S. (Wim) Mulder       2018-2021
Dick van Meeuwen            2021-

SGP was founded on 24 Apr 1918.


Leaders of SP
Political Leader
J. G. C. A. (Jan) Marijnissen   1994-2008
Agnes Catharina Kant            2008-2010
Emile Gerardus Maria Roemer     2010-2017
Lilian M. C. Marijnissen        2017-2023
J. P. (Jimmy) Dijk              2023-

Chairmen
Hans van Hooft                  1972-1988
J. G. C. A. (Jan) Marijnissen   1988-2015
Ron Meyer                       2015-2019
Jantje Aaltje (Jannie) Visscher 2019-

SP was founded on 22 Oct 1971.


Leader and chairman of FvD
Thierry Henri Philippe Baudet 2016-

FvD was founded on 22 Sep 2016.


Leaders of PvdD
Political leaders
Marianne Louise Thieme 2002-2019
Esther Ouwehand        2019-

Chairmen
Marianne Louise Thieme 2002-2010
Luuk Folkerts          2010-2015
Marianne Louise Thieme 2015-2016 (acting)
Floriske van Leeuwen   2016-2019
Sebastiaan Wolswinkel  2019
Ruud van der Velden    2019-2023 (acting to 2020)
Michiel Knol           2023-

PvdD was founded on 28 Oct 2002.


Leaders of CU
Political leaders
Kars Veling                 2001-2002
Andrι Rouvoet               2002-2007
Arie Slob                   2007-2010
Andrι Rouvoet               2010-2011
Arie Slob                   2011-2015
Gert Jan Maarten Segers     2015-2023
Mirjam Hannah Bikker        2023-

Chairpersons
Mathijs (Thijs) van Daalen  2000-2005
Peter Blokhuis              2005-2012
Janneke Louisa-Muller       2012-2013
Klaas Tigelaar              2013      (acting)
Pieter (Piet) Adema         2013-2021
J. A. (Ankie) van Tatenhove 2021-

CU was initialized on 20 Jan 2000 as a federation of GPV and RPF. The process of merger into a sole party concluded on 1 Jan 2004.
Chairmen of NNP (1998-2005)
Egbert Perιe          1998-2001 (†2009)  
Henk Ruitenberg       2001-
Florens van der Kooi      -2005

Leaders of LPF (2002-2008)
Leaders
Pim Fortuyn                 2002      (†2002)
Mat Herben                  2002 
H. H. R. (Harry) Wijnschenk 2002
Mat Herben                  2002-2004
Gerard Pieter van As        2004-2006
Mat Herben                  2006
Olaf Frederik Stuger        2006-2008
 
Chairmen 
Pim Fortuyn                 2002      (†2002)
Peter Langendam             2002
Ed Maas                     2002-2003
Hendrik E. Sergej Moleveld  2004-2006
Olaf Frederik Stuger        2006-2008

LPF was launched by Pim Fortuyn on 11 Feb 2002 one day after being expelled from LN. It was dissolved on 1 Jan 2008.
Leaders of LN (1999-2007)
Leaders
Pim Fortuyn              2001-2002 (†2002) 
Fredrik (Fred) Teeven    2002-2003
Haitske van de Linde     2003-2004
A. J. G. (Fons) Zinken   2004-2007

Chairmen
Johann Georg (Jan) Nagel 1999-2002
Jan Jetten               2002 
Hans van Galen           2002-2003	
A. J. G. (Fons) Zinken   2003-2007

LN was founded on 22 Mar 1999 by the merger of two local parties: Livable Hilversum (LH) and Livable Utrecht (LU). It was dissolved on 10 Sep 2007
Leaders of RPF (1975-2004)
Political leaders
Meindert Leerling        1981-1994 (†2021) 
Leendert (Leen) Cornelis 1994-2001

Chairmen
Piet Langeler            1975-1984 (†2013) 
Henk Visser              1984-1987 
Jacob Bouwmeester        1987-1992
Adam van den Berg        1992-1999
Matthijs van Daalen      1999-2004

RPF was founded in 1975 as a federation of three splinters of ARP: NEV, ARJC and the "discussion group AR-sympathisers" (f. 1970). On 20 Jan 2000 RPF joined GPV to form the CU federation and in 2001 both parties merged their parliamentary groups; the process of merger into a sole party concluded on 1 Jan 2004.
Leaders of GPV (1948-2004)
Political leaders
Pieter (Piet) Jongeling   1963-1977 (†1985)
A. J. (Bart) Verbrugh     1977-1981 (†2003)
Gerrit Jan (Gert) Schutte 1981-2001 (†2022)
Eimert van Middelkoop     2001

Chairmen
F. den Boeft              1948-1959
L. P. Laning              1959      (acting)
R. van Wolde              1959-1960 (acting)
W. Beeftink               1960-1970
K. Drost                  1970      (acting)
G. Veurink                1970-1976
Jan van der Jagt          1976-1984
Johannes (Hans) Blokland  1984-1994
S. Cnossen                1994-2000
Herman Bouma              2000-2004

GPV was founded in 1948 by splinters of ARP. On 20 Jan 2000 GPV joined RPF to form the CU federation and in 2001 both parties merged their parliamentary groups; the process of merger into a sole party concluded on 1 Jan 2004.
Leaders of ARP (1878-1980)
Political leaders
Johannes (Jan) Schouten               1939-1956 (†1963)
J. A. H. J. S. (Sieuwert) Bruins Slot 1956-1963 (†1972)
Bauke Roolvink                        1963-1967 (†1979) 
Barend Willem Biesheuvel              1967-1971 (†2001)
Willem (Wim) Aantjes                  1971-1972 (†2015)
Barend Willem Biesheuvel              1972-1973 (†2001)
Willem (Wim) Aantjes                  1973-1977 (†2015)

Chairmen
Jacob Adriaan de Wilde                1945-1946 (†1956)
Johannes (Jan) Schouten               1946-1955 (†1963)
Anton Bernard (Anton) Roosjen         1955-1956 (†1978)
Wiert Pauwel (Wiert) Berghuis         1956-1968 (†1989)
Antoon Veerman                        1968-1973 (†1993)
Jan de Koning                         1973-1975 (†1994)
Hans Andries de Boer                  1975-1980
ARP was founded in 1878 and was a founding component of CDA in 1980.
Leaders of CHU (1908-1980)
Political leaders
Arnold Dirk Willem Tilanus                 1939-1963 (†1966)
Hendrik Karel Jan Beernink                 1964-1967 (†1979)
Jurjen Tammo (Jur) Mellema                 1967-1968 (†2017)
Arnold Dirk Willem Tilanus                 1968-1969 (†1996)
Jurjen Tammo (Jur) Mellema                 1969-1971 (†2017)
Berend Jan (Bι) Udink                      1971      (†2016)
Roelof Johannes Hendrik (Roelof) Kruisinga 1971      (†2012)  
Jurjen Tammo (Jur) Mellema                 1971-1972 (†2017)
Arnold Dirk Willem Tilanus                 1972-1973 (†1996)
Roelof Johannes Hendrik (Roelof) Kruisinga 1973-1977 (†2012)

Chairmen
Arnold Dirk Willem Tilanus                 1945-1958 (†1966)
Hendrik Karel Jan Beernink                 1958-1966 (†1979)
Arnold Dirk Willem Tilanus                 1966-1968 (†1996)
Cornelis Johannes (Cor) Mastrigt           1968-1969 (†1997)
Johan Wilhelm (Johan) van Hulst            1969-1972 (†2018)
Otto Willem Arnold baron van Verschuer     1972-1977 (†2014)
Leendert Marten (Luck) van Leeuwen         1977-1980
CHU was founded in 1908 and was a founding component of CDA in 1980.
Leaders of KVP (1922-1980)
Political leaders
Carl Paul Maria Romme                    1946-1961 (†1980)
W. L. P. M. (Wim) de Kort                1961-1963 (†1993)
Wilhelm Klaus Norbert Schmelzer          1963-1971 (†2008)
Gerhard Heinrich (Gerard) Veringa        1971      (†1999)
Frans H. J. J. Andriessen                1972-1977 (†2019)

Chairmen
Petrus Johannes (Piet) Witteman          1945-1946 (†1972)
Wilhelmus Johannes (Jan) Andriessen      1946-1953 (†1978)
Christianus Gerardus (Chris) Matser      1953-1954 (†1973)
Henry Willem (Harry) van Doorn           1954-1962 (†1992)
Petrus Josephus Mattheόs (Piet) Aalberse 1962-1968 (†1989) 
A. P. J. M. M. (Fons) van der Stee       1968-1971 (†1999)
Dick de Zeeuw                            1971-1975 (†2009)
Willebrordus Johannes (Wim) Vergeer      1975-1979 (†2017)
Petrus Hendrikus (Piet) van Zeil         1979-1980 (†2012)
KVP was founded in 1922 as Roman Catholic State Party (RKSP) and changed its name to KVP in 1945. In 1980 was a founding component of CDA.
Leaders of PSP (1957-1990)
Political leaders
Hendrik Johannes (Henk) Lankhorst  1962-1969 (†1976)
Hans Wiebenga                      1969-1972 (†2005)
Bram van der Lek                   1972-1978 (†2013)
Alfred Gustaaf (Fred) Van der Spek 1978-1986 (†2017)
Andrιe Christine van Es            1986-1989

Chairmen
Hendrik Jan (Henk) van Steenis     1957-1959 (†1965)
Johannes (Hannes) de Graaf         1959-1960 (†1991)
Pieter Adriaan (Piet) Burggraaf    1960-1963 (†2019)
Gerard Slotemaker de Bruine        1963-1964 (†1976)
Johannes Everhardus (Joop) Vogt    1964-1965 (†2012)
Hans Wiebenga                      1965-1969 (†2005)
Pieter Adriaan (Piet) Burggraaf    1969-1973 (†2005)
Paul Hoogerwerf                    1973-1975 (†2004)
Lambert Meertens                   1975-1981
Bram van der Lek                   1981-1983 (†2013)
Marko Mazeland                     1983-1986
Saar Boerlage                      1986-1990
PSP was founded in 1957 by splinters of PvdA. In 1990 merged with CPN, EVP and PPR to form the Groenlinks.
Leaders of EVP (1981-1990)
Political Leader
Catharina (Cathy) Ubels-Veen 1982-1986 (†2015)

Chairmen
M. Weststrate                1981
Rennes                       1981-1982
Willem (Wim) Herstel         1982-1986
Cor Ofman                    1986-1991  
EVP was founded in 1981 by the merger of CDA dissidents and the existing EPV, founded in 1978 by dissidents of ARP, CHU and KVP. In 1990 EVP merged with PSP, CPN and PPR to form the Groenlinks, and was finally disbanded in 1991.
Leaders of SDP, CPH, CPN (1909-1991)
Political leaders
Saul (Paul) de Groot          1946-1962 (†1986)
Marcus Bakker                 1963-1982 (†2009)
Ina Brouwer                   1982-1989

General Secretary
Saul (Paul) de Groot          1938-1962 (†1986)

Chairmen
Gerben Wagenaar               1946-1958 (†1993)
       * vacant *             1958-1962  
Saul (Paul) de Groot          1962-1967 (†1986)
Hendrik Johan (Henk) Hoekstra 1968-1982 (†2009)
Elli Izeboud                  1982-1990 
Marius Ernsting               1990              (acting)
Truus Divendal-Klok           1990-1991 
In 1909 the SDP was founded after splitting from SDAP. SDP changed its name to CPH in 1919 and to CPN in 1935. In 1990 CPN merged with EVP, PSP and PPR to form the Groenlinks, and was finally disbanded in 1991.

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