Leaders of Perú
(Republic of Perú)
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Look for biographies of the leaders (in Spanish) at CIDOB website.

Current parties and coalitions: AP: Popular Action - AP-PIS: Go on Country – Social Integration Party - APP: Alliance for Progress - APRA: American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (Peruvian Aprista Party, PAP) - FA: Broad Front (coalition) - FP: Popular Force - PM: Purple Party - PDC: Christian Democratic Party - PHP: Peruvian Humanist Party - PL: Free Peru - RP: Popular Renovation - PPC: Christian People's Party - SP: We Are Peru - TPP: All for Peru - UPP: Union for Peru

Defunct parties and coalitions: AF: Alliance for the Future (coalition) - AP: Popular Alliance (coalition) - AGC: Alliance for the Great Change (coalition) - AEPP: Possible Peru Election Alliance (coalition) - ASN: National Solidarity Alliance (coalition) - Avancemos: Let's Advance (coalition) - C90: Change 90 - CD: Democratic Convergence (coalition) - FC: Center Front (coalition) - FDN: National Democratic Front (coalition) - FIM: Independent Moralizing Front - FLN: National Liberation Front - FNJD: National Front of Democratic Youth - FREDEMO: Democratic Front (coalition) - Fuerza 2011: Force 2011 (now FP) - Gana Perú: Peru Wins - IN Nationalist Left - IS: Socialist Left - IU: United Left (coalition) - MAS: Socialist Affirmation Movement - MDP: Pradista Democratic Movement/Peruvian Democratic Movement - ML: Liberty Movement - NM: New Majority - OBRAS: Independent Civic Movement - Perú 2000 (coalition) - PD: Democratic Peru (parliamentary faction) - PNP: Peruvian Nationalist Party - PP: Possible Peru - PPK: Peruvians for Change - PR: Restorer Party - PRT: Revolutionary Workers Party - PSN: National Solidarity Party - PSP: Socialist Party of Peru - Sembrar: Sow Movement - UN: National Union (coalition) - UN-CD: National Union and Democratic Coexistence - UNIR: Revolutionary Left Union (coalition) - UNO: Odriist National Union - UPP: Union of the Peruvian People - UR: Revolutionary Union - VV: Go Neighbor (party and coalition)

Heads of State 
President of the Republic
José Luis Bustamante y Rivero        28 Jul 1945 - 29 Oct 1948 (†1989) FDN

Chairmen of the Military Junta of Government
Manuel Arturo Odría Amoretti         29 Oct 1948 -  1 Jul 1950 (†1974) military  
Zenón Noriega Agüero                  1 Jul 1950 - 28 Jul 1950 (†1957) military    

Presidents of the Republic
Manuel Arturo Odría Amoretti         28 Jul 1950 - 28 Jul 1956 (†1974) PR
Manuel Carlos Prado y Ugarteche      28 Jul 1956 - 18 Jul 1962 (†1967) MDP

Junta of Government / Joint Command of the Armed Forces (military)
 -Ricardo Pío Pérez Godoy                                      (†1982) 
 -Nicolás Eduardo Lindley López                                (†1995)        
 -Juan Francisco Torres Matos                                  (†1995)
 -Pedro Vargas Prada Peirano         18 Jul 1962 - 20 Jul 1962 (†1997)

Chairmen of the Junta of Government
Ricardo Pío Pérez Godoy              20 Jul 1962 -  3 Mar 1963 (†1982) military 
Nicolás Eduardo Lindley López         3 Mar 1963 - 28 Jul 1963 (†1995) military 

President of the Republic
Fernando Belaúnde Terry              28 Jul 1963 -  3 Oct 1968 (†2002) AP

President of the Republic
Juan Francisco Velasco Alvarado       3 Oct 1968 - 30 Aug 1975 (†1977) military 

Presidents of the Republic
Francisco Remigio Morales-Bermúdez   30 Aug 1975 - 28 Jul 1980 (†2022) military
Fernando Belaúnde Terry              28 Jul 1980 - 28 Jul 1985 (†2002) AP
Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez     28 Jul 1985 - 28 Jul 1990 (†2019) APRA
Alberto Keinya Fujimori Fujimori     28 Jul 1990 - 22 Nov 2000 (†2024) C90-NM
Valentín Paniagua Corazao            22 Nov 2000 - 28 Jul 2001 (†2006) AP
Alejandro Celestino Toledo Manrique  28 Jul 2001 - 28 Jul 2006         PP
Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez     28 Jul 2006 - 28 Jul 2011 (†2019) APRA
Ollanta Moisés Humala Tasso          28 Jul 2011 - 28 Jul 2016         PNP 
Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Godard         28 Jul 2016 - 23 Mar 2018         PPK
Martín Alberto Vizcarra Cornejo      23 mar 2018 -  9 Nov 2020         PPK, n/p
Manuel Arturo Merino de Lama         10 Nov 2020 - 15 Nov 2020         AP  
Francisco Rafael Sagasti Hochhausler 17 Nov 2020 - 28 Jul 2021         PM
José Pedro Castillo Terrones         28 Jul 2021 -  7 Dec 2022         PL, n/p
Dina Ercilia Boluarte Zegarra         7 Dec 2022-                      n/p
Presidents of the Council of Ministers (Prime Ministers) 
Rafael Belaúnde Diez Canseco           28 Jul 1945 - 31 Jan 1946 (†1972) FDN
Julio Ernesto Portugal Escobedo        31 Jan 1946 - 12 Jan 1947 (†1972) PDC
José R. Alzamora Freundt               12 Jan 1947 - 31 Oct 1947 (†1953) military
Roque Augusto Saldías Maninat          31 Oct 1947 - 17 Jun 1948 (†1974) military
Armando Revoredo Iglesias              17 Jun 1948 - 27 Oct 1948 (†1978) military
Zenón Noriega Agüero                   28 Jul 1950 -  9 Aug 1954 (†1957) military 
Roque Augusto Saldías Maninat           9 Aug 1954 - 11 Jul 1956 (†1974) military
Juan Ezequiel Mendoza Rodríguez        11 Jul 1956 - 28 Jul 1956 (†1995) military
Manuel Cisneros Sánchez                28 Jul 1956 -  9 Jun 1958 (†1971) MDP
Luis Gallo Porras                       9 Jun 1958 - 17 Jul 1959 (†1972) MDP
Pedro Gerardo María Beltrán Espantoso  17 Jul 1959 - 24 Nov 1961 (†1979) n/p
Carlos Gregorio Moreyra Paz-Soldán     24 Nov 1961 - 18 Jul 1962 (†1981) MDP
Nicolás Eduardo Lindley López          18 Jul 1962 - 28 Jul 1963 (†1995) military 
Julio Óscar Trelles Montes             28 Jul 1963 -  1 Jan 1964 (†1990) AP
Fernando Leopoldo Schwalb López-Aldana  1 Jan 1964 - 15 Sep 1965 (†2002) AP
Daniel Becerra de la Flor              15 Sep 1965 -  6 Sep 1967 (†1987) AP
Edgardo Seoane Corrales                 6 Sep 1967 - 17 Nov 1967 (†1978) AP
Raúl Ferrero Rebagliati                17 Nov 1967 - 30 May 1968 (†1977) UR
Oswaldo Hercelles García               30 May 1968 -  2 Oct 1968 (†1969) n/p
Miguel Elías Mujica Gallo               2 Oct 1968 -  3 Oct 1968 (†2001) n/p
Ernesto Montagne Sánchez                3 Oct 1968 - 31 Jan 1973 (†1993) military
Luis Edgardo Mercado Jarrín            31 Jan 1973 -  1 Feb 1975 (†2012) military
Francisco Remigio Morales-Bermúdez      1 Feb 1975 - 30 Aug 1975 (†2022) military 
Óscar Vargas Prieto                    30 Aug 1975 - 31 Jan 1976 (†1989) military     
Jorge Fernández-Maldonado Solari       31 Jan 1976 - 16 Jul 1976 (†2000) military
Guillermo Arbulú Galliani              17 Jul 1976 - 30 Jan 1978 (†1997) military
Óscar Molina Pallochia                 30 Jan 1978 - 31 Jan 1979 (†1990) military
Pedro Ángel Richter Fernández-Prada    31 Jan 1979 - 28 Jul 1980 (†2017) military
Manuel Ulloa Elías                     28 Jul 1980 -  3 Jan 1983 (†1992) AP
Fernando Leopoldo Schwalb López-Aldana  3 Jan 1983 - 10 Apr 1984 (†2002) AP 
Sandro Tiziano Mariátegui Chiappe      10 Apr 1984 - 12 Oct 1984 (†2013) AP
Luis Ciro Pércovich Roca               12 Oct 1984 - 28 Jul 1985 (†2017) AP
Luis Juan Alva Castro                  28 Jul 1985 - 26 Jun 1987         APRA
Guillermo Augusto Larco Cox            26 Jun 1987 - 17 May 1988 (†2002) APRA
Armando Villanueva del Campo           17 May 1988 - 15 May 1989 (†2013) APRA
Luis Alberto Félix Sánchez Sánchez     15 May 1989 - 30 Sep 1989 (†1994) APRA
Guillermo Augusto Larco Cox            30 Sep 1989 - 28 Jul 1990 (†2002) APRA 
Juan Carlos Hurtado Miller             28 Jul 1990 - 15 Feb 1991         C90
Carlos Guillermo Torres y Torres Lara  15 Feb 1991 -  6 Nov 1991 (†2000) C90
Alfonso de los Heros Pérez-Albela       6 Nov 1991 -  6 Apr 1992         C90
Óscar de la Puente Raygada              6 Apr 1992 - 28 Aug 1993         C90
José Alfonso Bustamante y Bustamante   28 Aug 1993 - 17 Feb 1994         C90 
Efraín Goldenberg Schreiber            17 Feb 1994 - 28 Jul 1995         C90
Dante Córdova Blanco                   28 Jul 1995 -  3 Apr 1996         C90-NM
Alberto Ítalo Luis Pandolfi Arbulú      3 Apr 1996 -  4 Jun 1998         C90-NM
Javier Valle-Riestra González-Olaechea  4 Jun 1998 - 21 Aug 1998 (†2024) APRA
Alberto Ítalo Luis Pandolfi Arbulú     21 Aug 1998 -  5 Jan 1999         C90-NM
Víctor Dionisio Joy Way Rojas           5 Jan 1999 - 13 Oct 1999         C90-NM
José Alberto Bustamante Belaúnde       13 Oct 1999 - 29 Jul 2000 (†2008) n/p
Luis Federico Salas-Guevara Schultz    29 Jul 2000 - 25 Nov 2000 (†2021) n/p
Javier Felipe Pérez de Cuéllar         25 Nov 2000 - 28 Jul 2001 (†2020) UPP
Roberto Enrique Dañino Zapata          28 Jul 2001 - 12 Jul 2002         n/p
Luis María Solari de la Fuente         12 Jul 2002 - 28 Jun 2003         PP
Martha Beatriz Merino Lucero           28 Jun 2003 - 15 Dec 2003         n/p
Carlos Ernesto Fernando Ferrero Costa  15 Dec 2003 - 16 Aug 2005 (†2025) PP
Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Godard           16 Aug 2005 - 28 Jul 2006         n/p
Jorge Alfonso del Castillo Gálvez      28 Jul 2006 - 14 Oct 2008         APRA
Yehude Simon Munaro                    14 Oct 2008 - 11 Jul 2009         PHP
Ángel Javier Velásquez Quesquén        11 Jul 2009 - 14 Sep 2010         APRA
José Antonio Chang Escobedo            14 Sep 2010 - 19 Mar 2011         APRA
Rosario del Pilar Fernández Figueroa   19 Mar 2011 - 28 Jul 2011         APRA
Salomón Lerner Ghitis                  28 Jul 2011 - 11 Dec 2011         PNP
Óscar Eduardo Valdés Dancuart          11 Dec 2011 - 23 Jul 2012         n/p
Juan Federico Jiménez Mayor            23 Jul 2012 - 31 Oct 2013         n/p
César Villanueva Arévalo               31 Oct 2013 - 24 Feb 2014         n/p
René Helbert Cornejo Díaz              24 Feb 2014 - 22 Jul 2014         n/p
Ana Ethel del Rosario Jara Velásquez   22 Jul 2014 -  2 Apr 2015         PNP
Pedro Álvaro Cateriano Bellido          2 Apr 2015 - 28 Jul 2016         n/p
Fernando Martín Zavala Lombardi        28 Jul 2016 - 17 Sep 2017         n/p
Mercedes Rosalba Aráoz Fernández       17 Sep 2017 -  2 Apr 2018         PPK
César Villanueva Arévalo                2 Apr 2018 - 11 Mar 2019         APP
Salvador Alejandro del Solar Labarthe  11 Mar 2019 - 30 Sep 2019         n/p
Vicente Antonio Zeballos Salinas       30 Sep 2019 - 15 Jul 2020         n/p
Pedro Álvaro Cateriano Bellido         15 Jul 2020 -  6 Aug 2020         TPP
Walter Roger Martos Ruiz                6 Aug 2020 - 11 Nov 2020 (†2025) n/p
Ántero Flores-Aráoz Esparza            11 Nov 2020 - 18 Nov 2020         n/p
Violeta Bermúdez Valdivia              18 Nov 2020 - 29 Jul 2021         n/p 
Guido Bellido Ugarte                   29 Jul 2021 -  6 Oct 2021         PL
Mirtha Esther Vásquez Chuquilín         6 Oct 2021 -  1 Feb 2022         FA
Héctor Valer Pinto                      1 Feb 2022 -  8 Feb 2022         PD
Aníbal Torres Vásquez                   8 Feb 2022 - 25 Nov 2022         n/p
Betssy Betzabet Chávez Chino           25 Nov 2022 - 10 Dec 2022         PL
Pedro Miguel Angulo Arana              10 Dec 2022 - 21 Dec 2022         n/p
Luis Alberto Otárola Peñaranda         21 Dec 2022 -  6 Mar 2024         n/p
Gustavo Lino Adrianzén Olaya            6 Mar 2024 - 14 May 2025         n/p
Eduardo Arana Ysa                      14 May 2025 -                     n/p
Vice Presidents of the Republic 
José Gálvez Barrenechea (1st)              1945-1948 (†1957) FDN
Eduardo Luis Ganoza y Ganoza (2nd)         1945-1948 (†19..) FDN
Zenón Noriega Agüero                       1948-1950 (†1957) military (de facto)   
Héctor Boza Aizcorbe (1st)                 1950-1956 (†1974) PR
Federico Bolognesi Bolognesi (2nd)         1950-1956 (†1958) PR
Luis Gallo Porras (1st)                    1956-1962 (†1972) MDP
Carlos Moreyra y Paz Soldán (2nd)          1956-1962 (†1981) MDP
Pedro Luis Vargas Prada                    1962-1963 (†1997) military (de facto) 
Edgardo Seoane Corrales (1st)              1963-1968 (†1978) AP
Mario Polar Ugarteche (2nd)                1963-1968 (†1988) PDC
Luis Edgardo Mercado Jarrín                1968-1975 (†2012) military (de facto)
Pedro Ángel Richter Prada                  1975-1978 (†2017) military (de facto)
Fernando Schwalb López-Aldana (1st)        1980-1985 (†2002) AP
Javier Alva Orlandini (2nd)                1980-1985 (†2020) AP
Luis Alberto Sánchez Sánchez (1st)         1985-1990 (†1994) APRA
Luis Juan Alva Castro (2nd)                1985-1990         APRA
Máximo San Román Cáceres (1nd)             1990-1992         C90
Carlos García y García (2nd)               1990-1992 (†2016) C90
Clemente Jaime Yoshiyama Tanaka            1993-1995         C90 (as chair of the Democratic Constituent Congress)
Ricardo Márquez Flores (1st)               1995-2000         C90-NM
César Alipio Paredes Canto (2nd)           1995-2000 (†2018) C90-NM
Francisco Tudela van Breugel-Douglas (1st) 2000              Perú 2000
Ricardo Márquez Flores (2nd)               2000              C90-NM/Perú 2000
Raúl Diez Canseco Terry (1st)              2001-2004         AP
David Waisman Rjavinsthi (2nd)             2001-2006         PP  
Luis Alejandro Giampietri Rojas (1st)      2006-2011         APRA
Lourdes Carmen Mendoza del Solar (2nd)     2006-2011         APRA
Marisol Espinoza Cruz (1st)                2011-2016         PNP
Omar Karim Chehade Moya (2nd)              2011-2012         PNP
Martín Alberto Vizcarra Cornejo (1st)      2016-2018         PPK
Mercedes Rosalba Aráoz Fernández (2nd)     2016-2020         PPK
Dina Ercilia Boluarte Zegarra              2021-2022         PL, n/p
Presidential candidates 
1945 1st José Luis Bustamante y Rivero    (†1989) FDN
     2nd Eloy Gaspar Ureta Montehermoso   (†1965) military/UR

1950 1st Manuel Arturo Odría Amoretti     (†1974) PR

1956 1st Manuel Carlos Prado y Ugarteche  (†1967) MDP
     2nd Fernando Belaúnde Terry          (†2002) FNJD
     3rd Hernando de Lavalle y García     (†1967) UN-CD

1962 1st Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre     (†1979) APRA
     2nd Fernando Belaúnde Terry          (†2002) AP
     3rd Manuel Arturo Odría Amoretti     (†1974) UNO
     4th César Pando Egúsquiza            (†1967) FLN
     5th Luciano Castillo Colonna  	  (†1981) PSP

1963 1st Fernando Belaúnde Terry          (†2002) AP
     2nd Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre     (†1979) APRA
     3rd Manuel Arturo Odría Amoretti     (†1974) UNO
     4th Mario Samamé Boggio              (†1994) UPP 

1980 1st Fernando Belaúnde Terry          (†2002) AP
     2nd Armando Villanueva del Campo     (†2013) APRA
     3rd Luis Fernán Bedoya Reyes         (†2021) PPC
     4th Ángel Hugo Blanco Galdós         (†2023) PRT
     5th Horacio Zevallos Gámez           (†1984) UNIR

1985 1st Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (†2019) APRA
     2nd Alfonso Augusto Barrantes Lingán (†2000) IU
     3rd Luis Fernán Bedoya Reyes         (†2021) PPC/CD
     4th Javier Alva Orlandini            (†2020) AP  
     5th Roger Enrique Cáceres Velásquez          IN

1990 1st Alberto Keinya Fujimori Fujimori (†2024) C90 
     2nd Mario Vargas Llosa               (†2025) ML/FREDEMO
     3rd Luis Juan Alva Castro                    APRA
     4th Henry Pease García               (†2014) MAS/IU
     5th Alfonso Augusto Barrantes Lingán (†2000) IS

1995 1st Alberto Keinya Fujimori Fujimori (†2024) C90-NM 
     2nd Javier Felipe Pérez de Cuéllar   (†2020) UPP
     3rd Mercedes Cabanillas Bustamante           APRA
     4th Alejandro Celestino Toledo Manrique      PP
     5th Ricardo Pablo Belmont Cassinelli         OBRAS

2000 1st Alberto Keinya Fujimori Fujimori (†2024) C90/Perú 2000
     2nd Alejandro Celestino Toledo Manrique      PP
     3rd Alberto Manuel Andrade Carmona   (†2009) SP
     4th Federico Salas-Guevara Schultz   (†2021) Avancemos
     5th Óscar Luis Castañeda Lossio      (†2022) PSN

2001 1st Alejandro Celestino Toledo Manrique      PP  
     2nd Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (†2019) APRA
     3rd Lourdes Celmira Flores Nano              PPC/UN
     4th Luis Fernando Olivera Vega               FIM
     5th Carlos Alberto Boloña Behr       (†2018) VV

2006 1st Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (†2019) APRA
     2nd Ollanta Moisés Humala Tasso              PNP-UPP
     3rd Lourdes Celmira Flores Nano              PPC/UN
     4th Martha Gladys Chávez Cossio de Ocampo    NM/AF
     5th Valentín Paniagua Corazao        (†2006) AP/FC

2011 1st Ollanta Moisés Humala Tasso              PNP/Gana Perú
     2nd Keiko Sofía Fujimori Higuchi             Fuerza 2011
     3rd Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Godard             AGC
     4th Alejandro Celestino Toledo Manrique      PP/AEPP
     5th Óscar Luis Castañeda Lossio      (†2022) PSN/ASN

2016 1st Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Godard             PPK
     2nd Keiko Sofía Fujimori Higuchi             FP
     3rd Verónika Fanny Mendoza Frisch            Sembrar/FA
     4th Isaac Alfredo Barnechea García           AP
     5th Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (†2019) APRA/AP

2021 1st José Pedro Castillo Terrones             PL
     2nd Keiko Sofía Fujimori Higuchi             FP
     3rd Rafael Bernardo López-Aliaga Cazorla     RP
     4th Hernando de Soto Polar                   AP-PIS
     5th Yonhy Lescano Ancieta                    AP

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