 | Leadership of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU, 1917-1991) |
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 Top leaders of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU, 1922-1991) |
Senior Secretaries of the Central Committee (unofficial) Iosif Vissaryonovich Stalin 3 Apr 1922 - 5 Mar 1953 (1953) Georgiy Maksimilianovich Malenkov 5 Mar 1953 - 14 Mar 1953 (1988) Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev 14 Mar 1953 - 13 Sep 1953 (1971) First Secretaries of the Central Committee Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev 13 Sep 1953 - 14 Oct 1964 (1971) Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev 14 Oct 1964 - 8 Apr 1966 (1982) General Secretaries of the Central Committee Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev 8 Apr 1966 - 10 Nov 1982 (1982) Yuriy Vladimirovich Andropov 12 Nov 1982 - 9 Feb 1984 (1984) Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko 13 Feb 1984 - 10 Mar 1985 (1985) Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev 11 Mar 1985 - 24 Aug 1991 (2022) |
(1) From 1898 to 1918, the then CPSU was known as the Russian Social Democratic Workers's Party (Bolshevik), from 1918 to 1925 it was called the Russian Communist Party and from 1925 to 1952 as the All-Union Communist Party.
(2) Lenin, regardless his condition of de facto party leader up to his death in Jan 1924, was never General Secretary of the Central Committee nor Chairman of the Politburo. Prior to the creation of the General Secretaryship on 3 Apr 1922, a collective secretary existed. A formal Secretariat was created on 24 Mar 1919 with Nikolai Krestinsky at the head, and he served until the selection of Vyacheslav Molotov to the post on 17 Mar 1921. Beginning from 26 Jan 1934, Stalin was simply listed among the various secretaries of the Central Committee, mostly on top. There was no further official designation of a First Secretary until Khrushchev's formal elevation to the party leadership on 13 Sep 1953. The title of General Secretary was officially introduced on 8 Apr 1966.
| Politburo members of CPSU Central Committee (From 16 Oct 1952 to 8 Apr 1966 the Presidium existed instead of the Politburo) |
Vladimir Ilyich (Ulyanov) Lenin 10 Oct 1917 - 21 Jan 1924 (1924) Andrey Sergeyevich Bubnov 10 Oct 1917 - 29 Nov 1917 (1938) (executed) Lev Davydovich (Bronshteyn) Trotskiy 10 Oct 1917 - 23 Oct 1926 (1940) (assassinated) Grigoriy Yevseyevich (Radomyslskiy) Zinoviev 10 Oct 1917 - 29 nov 1917 (1936) (executed) Lev Borisovich (Rozenfeld) Kamenev 10 Oct 1917 - 14 Nov 1927 (1936) (executed) Iosif Vissaryonovich (Dzhugashvili) Stalin 10 Oct 1917 - 5 Mar 1953 (1953) Grigoriy Yakovlevich (Brilliant) Sokolnikov 10 Oct 1917 - 29 Jul 1918 (1939) (killed in prison) Nikolay Nikolayevich Krestinskiy 8 Mar 1919 - 16 Mar 1921 (1938) (executed) Grigoriy Yakovlevich (Brilliant) Sokolnikov 11 Mar 1919 - 25 Mar 1919 (1939) (killed in prison) Grigoriy Yevseyevich (Radomyslskiy) Zinoviev 16 Mar 1921 - 23 Jul 1926 (1936) (executed) Mikhail Pavlovich (Yefremov) Tomskiy 3 Apr 1922 - 13 Jul 1930 (1936) (suicide) Aleksey Ivanovich Rykov 3 Apr 1922 - 21 Dec 1930 (1938) (executed) Nikolay Ivanovich Bukharin 2 Jun 1924 - 17 Nov 1929 (1938) (executed) Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin 1 Jan 1926 - 3 Jun 1946 (1946) Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich (Skryabin) Molotov 1 Jan 1926 - 27 Feb 1957 (1986) Kliment Yefremovich Voroshilov 1 Jan 1926 - 16 Jul 1960 (1969) Yan Ernestovich Rudzutak 23 Jul 1926 - 4 Feb 1932 (1938) (executed) Valerian Vladimirovich Kuybyshev 19 Dec 1927 - 25 Jan 1935 (1935) Sergey Mironovich (Kostrikov) Kirov 13 Jul 1930 - 1 Dec 1934 (1934) (assassinated) Stanislav Vikentyevich Kosior 13 Jul 1930 - 3 May 1938 (1939) (executed) Lazar Moiseyevich Kaganovich 13 Jul 1930 - 27 Feb 1957 (1991) Grigori Konstantinovich 'Sergo' Ordzhonikidze 21 Dec 1930 - 18 Feb 1937 (1937) (suicide) Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev 4 Feb 1932 - 16 Oct 1952 (1971) Vlas Yakovlevich Chubar 1 Feb 1935 - 16 Jun 1938 (1939) (executed) Anastas Ivanovich Mikoyan 1 Feb 1935 - 8 Apr 1966 (1978) Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev 22 Mar 1939 - 14 Oct 1964 (1971) Andrey Aleksandrovich Zhdanov 22 Mar 1939 - 31 Aug 1948 (1948) Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beriya 18 Mar 1946 - 7 Jul 1953 (1953) (executed) Georgiy Maksimilianovich Malenkov 18 Mar 1946 - 27 Feb 1957 (1988) Nikolay Alekseyevich Voznesenskiy 26 Feb 1947 - 7 Mar 1949 (1950) (executed) Nikolay Aleksandrovich Bulganin 18 Feb 1948 - 3 Sep 1958 (1975) Aleksey Nikolayevich Kosygin (1st time) 4 Sep 1948 - 16 Oct 1952 (1980) Vasiliy Mikhaylovich Andrianov 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1978) Averkiy Borisovich Aristov (1st time) 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1973) Dmitriy Ivanovich Chesnokov 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1963) Semyon Denisovich Ignatiyev 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1983) Demyan Sergeyevich Korotchenko 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1969) Otto Vilgelmovich Kuusinen (1st time) 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1964) Vasiliy Vasilyevich Kuznetsov 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1990) Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich Malyshev 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1957) Leonid Georgiyevich Melnikov 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1981) Nikolay Aleksandrovich Mikhaylov 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1982) Mikhail Georgiyevich Pervukhin 16 Oct 1952 - 29 Jun 1957 (1978) Panteleymon Kondratyevich Ponomarenko 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1984) Maksim Zakharovich Saburov 16 Oct 1952 - 29 Jun 1957 (1977) Matvey Fyodorovich Shkiryatov 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1954) Nikolay Mikhaylovich Shvernik (1st time) 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1970) Mikhail Andreyevich Suslov (1st time) 16 Oct 1952 - 6 Mar 1953 (1982) Aleksey Illarionovich Kirichenko 12 Jul 1955 - 4 May 1960 (1975) Mikhail Andreyevich Suslov (2nd time) 12 Jul 1955 - 25 Jan 1982 (1982) Averkiy Borisovich Aristov (2nd time) 29 Jun 1957 - 31 Oct 1961 (1973) Nikolay Ilyich Belyayev 29 Jun 1957 - 4 May 1960 (1966) Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev 29 Jun 1957 - 10 Nov 1982 (1982) Yekaterina Alekseyevna Furtseva 29 Jun 1957 - 31 Oct 1961 (1974) (suicide) Nikolay Grigoryevich Ignatov 29 Jun 1957 - 31 Oct 1961 (1966) Frol Romanovich Kozlov 29 Jun 1957 - 16 Nov 1964 (1965) Otto Vilgelmovich Kuusinen (2nd time) 29 Jun 1957 - 17 May 1964 (1964) Nikolay Mikhaylovich Shvernik (2nd time) 29 Jun 1957 - 8 Apr 1966 (1970) Georgiy Konstantinovich Zhukov 29 Jun 1957 - 27 Oct 1957 (1974) Nuritdin Akramovich Mukhitdinov 19 Dec 1957 - 31 Oct 1961 (2008) Aleksey Nikolayevich Kosygin (2nd time) 4 May 1960 - 21 Oct 1980 (1980) Nikolay Viktorovich Podgorniy 4 May 1960 - 24 May 1977 (1983) Dmitriy Stepanovich Polyanskiy 4 May 1960 - 4 Mar 1976 (2001) Gennadiy Ivanovich Voronov 31 Oct 1961 - 27 Apr 1973 (1994) Andrey Pavlovich Kirilenko 25 Apr 1962 - 22 Nov 1982 (1990) Aleksandr Nikolayevich Shelepin 16 Nov 1964 - 16 Apr 1975 (1994) Pyotr Yefimovich Shelest 16 Nov 1964 - 27 Apr 1973 (1996) Kirill Trofimovich Mazurov 26 Mar 1965 - 27 Nov 1978 (1989) Arvid Yanovich Pelshe 8 Apr 1966 - 27 May 1983 (1983) Viktor Vasilyevich Grishin 9 Apr 1971 - 18 Feb 1986 (1992) Fyodor Davydovich Kulakov 9 Apr 1971 - 17 Jul 1978 (1978) Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev 9 Apr 1971 - 28 Jan 1987 (1993) Vladimir Vasilyevich Shcherbitskiy 9 Apr 1971 - 20 Sep 1989 (1990) Yuriy Vladimirovich Andropov 27 Apr 1973 - 9 Feb 1984 (1984) Andrey Antonovich Grechko 27 Apr 1973 - 26 Apr 1976 (1976) Andrey Andreyevich Gromyko 27 Apr 1973 - 30 Sep 1988 (1989) Grigoriy Vasilyevich Romanov 4 Mar 1976 - 1 Jul 1985 (2008) Dmitriy Fyodorovich Ustinov 4 Mar 1976 - 20 Dec 1984 (1984) Nikolay Aleksandrovich Tikhonov 27 Nov 1978 - 15 Oct 1985 (1997) Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko 27 Nov 1978 - 10 Mar 1985 (1985) Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev 21 Oct 1980 - 24 Aug 1991 (2022) Heydar Ali Rza ogly Aliev 22 Nov 1982 - 21 Oct 1987 (2003) Mikhail Sergeyevich Solomentsev 26 Dec 1983 - 30 Sep 1988 (2008) Vitaliy Ivanovich Vorotnikov 26 Dec 1983 - 14 Jul 1990 (2012) Viktor Mikhaylovich Chebrikov 23 Apr 1985 - 20 Sep 1989 (1999) Yegor Kuzmich Ligachev 23 Apr 1985 - 14 Jul 1990 (2021) Nikolay Ivanovich Ryzhkov 23 Apr 1985 - 14 Jul 1990 (2024) Eduard Amvrosiyevich Shevardnadze 1 Jul 1985 - 14 Jul 1990 (2014) Lev Nikolayevich Zaykov 6 Mar 1986 - 14 Jul 1990 (2002) Viktor Petrovich Nikonov 26 Jul 1987 - 20 Sep 1989 (1993) Nikolay Nikitovich Slyunkov 26 Jul 1987 - 14 Jul 1990 (2022) Aleksandr Sergeyevich Yakovlev 26 Jul 1987 - 14 Jul 1990 (2005) Vadim Andreyevich Medvedev 30 Sep 1988 - 14 Jul 1990 Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kryuchkov 20 Sep 1989 - 14 Jul 1990 (2007) Yuriy Dmitriyevich Maslyukov 20 Sep 1989 - 14 Jul 1990 (2010) Vladimir Antonovich Ivashko 9 Dec 1989 - 24 Aug 1991 (1994) Yefrem Yevseyevich Sokolov 14 Jul 1990 - 11 Dec 1990 (2022) Givi Grigoryevich Gumbaridze 14 Jul 1990 - 11 Dec 1990 Vladimir Migranovich Movsesyan 14 Jul 1990 - 11 Dec 1990 (2014) Absamat Masaliyevich Masaliyev 14 Jul 1990 - 25 Apr 1991 (2004) Stepan Karapetovich Pogosyan 11 Dec 1990 - 15 May 1991 (2012) Ivan Kuzmich Polozkov 14 Jul 1990 - 6 Aug 1991 Mykolas Burokevicius 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 (2016) Aleksandr Sergeyevich Dzasokhov 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 Ivan Timofeyevich Frolov 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 (1999) Stanislav Ivanovich Gurenko 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 (2013) Islam Abduganiyevich Karimov 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 (2016) Pyotr Kirillovich Luchinskiy 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 Kakhar Makhkamovich Makhkamov 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 (2016) Ayaz Niyazi oghlu Mutalibov 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 (2022) Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 Saparmurat Atayevich Niyazov 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 (2006) Yuriy Anatolyevich Prokofyev 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 Oleg Dmitriyevich Baklanov 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 (2021) Alfred Petrovich Rubiks 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 Galina Vladimirovna Semyonova 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 (2017) Oleg Semyonovich Shenin 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 (2009) Enn-Arno Augustovich Sillari 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 Yegor Semyonovich Stroyev 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 Gennadiy Ivanovich Yanayev 14 Jul 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 (2010) Anatoliy Aleksandrovich Malofeyev 11 Dec 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 (2022) Dzhumgalbek Beksultanovich Amanbayev 25 Apr 1991 - 24 Aug 1991 (2005) Grigoriy Isidorovich Yeremy 25 Apr 1991 - 24 Aug 1991 Mikhail Semyonovich Surkov 25 Apr 1991 - 24 Aug 1991 Aram Gasparovich Sarkisyan 26 Jul 1991 - 24 Aug 1991 Lembit Annus 31 Jan 1991 - 24 Aug 1991 (2018) |
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